The flow, depending on the requirements and conditions of the object can be measured or signaled. The level gauge have two-state output. They are applied, most often, for regulation of the flow intensity and to signal that the intensity is exceeded over or below normal.

The flo-meters are the appliances, that let measure the flow intensity and let change it into standard analogue or impulse signal. Depending on the function and the place of building, flow-meters can be made with local projector or with built-in transmitter. Sometimes, beacause of object conditions, flow-meters are built on pipelines and the readout must be done anywhere else. Than, separate systems are created.

Depending on the kind of an output signal and functions, that the measurement system should realize, different secondary appliances can be connected.

 

The flo-meters with impuls output can be connected with: programable counters – the meaurement of flowing medium and simple proportioning flow-meters wit impulse exit – intensity measurement and equalizing the flow

Flow -meters with analogue exit can be connected with: indicators - indication of momentary flow intensity regulators – indication and regulation of flow intensity recorders – registration of momentary flow intensity flow counters with analogue input – flow measurement and flow equalization

Electromagnetic flow-meters use the phenomenon of electromotor power induction in the flowing medium under the influence of working magnetic field. The dependence of the flow intensity on electromotor power is characterized by the Faraday's right.

Electromagnetic flow-meters are applied to measure the flow of cuurent-conducting liquids in piping installations. The flow-meters doesn't contain any inner mechanical elements, this fact assures that the medium flows without any disturbances through the full cross-section of the pipeline.

The flow measurement dosen't depend on:

• liquid pressure

• viscosity

• density

• temperature

• electrical conductance (over the minimal value)

The electomagnetic flow-meters can be applied for the measurement of the flow of clean liquids, suspensions, pulps, solutions with different chemical aggressiveness. The deficiency of mechanical elements assures durability, even when the medium has got strongly swabbing properties. The main fields of use are: water and wastewater managment, nutritive, chemical, mining industry and energetics.

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Oval-circular flow-meters are positive flo-meters.A measurement elemnt consists of two, accurately done, cog-wheels, that turns under the influence of flowing liquid. The same volume of liquid (closed in the space between the cog-wheel and the casing) is transported while each turn. Inner the cog-wheels permanent magnets or elements of rust-proof steel are sunk. The sensors, that are build in the casing change the rotating movements into impulse signal. The number of impulses is the measurement of the flow intencity.
The oval-circular flow-meters are applied to measure the flow of the liquid with increased viscosity in the systems, where the pressure is higher than 50Bar.

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The flow-meters for pressure difference base on the rule of presure differnce measurement in the Ventury's nozzle. The diaphragm that is placed in the casing causes that the pressure difference is created when medium flows. This difference is proportional to the flow intencity. The shape of the nozzle is matching the flow, so that its characterisctics is steady in the measurement scope.
Flow-meters for pressure differnce measurements are applied for example in nutritious, chemical and pharmaceutical industry for flow measurements of liquids and gases.

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The flowing liquid is directed (through special profiled canals) to the rotor and brings it to the move. The rotating move of the rotor is registered by the opto-electric system, that changes it into the assymetrical frequency signal, that is proportional to the flow. Turbine flow-meters assure high linin and longlasting work without any diturbances, because the axises and bearings of the rotor are made of sapphire.

 

Thanks to the compact construction, turbine flow-meters can be placed in the machines and appliances that are cut down on the inner space, to measure the flow of the liquid that has low viscosity.

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Rotor flow-meters base on the rule of the measurement of the flow volume by using the rotor with steady geometry of the scoops. Inner the rotor are placed magnets, that are hermeticcaly isolated from the measured medium. The Hall's sensor, that is placed in the casing, recives non-contact rotating move of the magnets and change it into frequency signal, that is proportional to the flow.

Rotor flow-meters can be applied for the measurement of the flow of liquids (containing aggressive liquids) in the systems, where pressure reachs 100Bar and temperature reaches 100C.

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The front of the measuring sensor is warmed to the temperature that is several grades higher than the temeprature of the medium. Flowing medium causes that the sensor chills. The rapidity of the chilling process is proprtional to the speed of the flow.

Calorimetric gauges of the flow are applied to measure and signal the flow intensity of liquids and gases. Lack of movable elements, easy mounting and colly-proof casue, that they are popular in the systems where high accuracy of the measurement isn't required.

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• flo-meters for little flows
• turbine flo-meters
• rotor flow-meters
• oval-circular flow-meters
• manometric flow-meters
• calorimetric gauges of the flow
• float gauges of the flow